Anawilundawa Bird Sanctuary is a hidden gem located in the Puttalam district of Sri Lanka, about 70 kilometers north of Colombo. This sanctuary is one of Sri Lanka’s six RAMSAR wetlands, recognized internationally for its importance to bird conservation. Spanning around 1,397 hectares, Anawilundawa is renowned for its lush wetlands and diverse avian population, making it a paradise for birdwatchers and nature enthusiasts.
The sanctuary consists of a complex system of interconnected tanks and reservoirs, originally constructed by ancient kings for irrigation purposes. These water bodies, surrounded by mangroves and marshland, provide ideal habitats for a wide variety of bird species. Over 150 species of birds have been recorded in Anawilundawa, including both resident and migratory species. Notable sightings include the Asian Openbill, Painted Stork, Black-headed Ibis, and the Purple Heron. During the migratory season, the sanctuary becomes a bustling hub of activity as birds from as far as Siberia and Western Europe flock to the wetlands.
In addition to birds, Anawilundawa supports a rich diversity of other wildlife. Reptiles such as water monitors and snakes, amphibians like frogs, and numerous fish species thrive in the sanctuary’s aquatic habitats. The area’s flora is equally impressive, with a variety of aquatic plants, mangroves, and lush vegetation that contribute to the ecosystem’s health and biodiversity.
Anawilundawa’s importance extends beyond its ecological value. The wetlands play a crucial role in local water management, supporting agriculture and providing livelihoods for nearby communities. The tanks and reservoirs are vital for irrigation, ensuring water availability during dry periods and helping to sustain paddy fields and other crops in the region.
Visiting Anawilundawa Bird Sanctuary offers a serene and educational experience. The best time to visit is during the early morning or late afternoon when bird activity is at its peak. Walking trails and observation points are available, allowing visitors to explore the sanctuary and observe its avian inhabitants up close. Guided tours can enhance the experience, providing insights into the sanctuary’s ecology, bird behavior, and conservation efforts.